Nuclear-powered ships are coming into commercial use.

"Nuclear-powered DP vessels are a technically feasible solution and are achievable, the Nuclear Propulsion in merchant Shipping (NuProShip II) study has confirmed." (OffshoreEnergy, Nuclear-powered vessels are achievable, Norwegian-led study confirms)

"The NuProShip II project, funded by the Research Council of Norway, demonstrates the technical feasibility of nuclear-powered DP vessels, researching the possibility of nuclear reactors contributing to efficiency, reliability, and environmental responsibility for the maritime industry." (OffshoreEnergy, Nuclear-powered vessels are achievable, Norwegian-led study confirms)

“Dynamic positioning (DP) is a computer-controlled system to automatically maintain a vessel's position and heading by using its own propellers and thrusters. Position reference sensors, combined with wind sensors, motion sensors, and gyrocompasses, provide information. To the computer pertaining to the vessel's position and the magnitude and direction of environmental forces affecting its position. Examples of vessel types that employ DP include ships and semi-submersible mobile offshore drilling units (MODU), oceanographic research vessels, cable layer ships, and cruise ships.” (Wikipedia, Dynamic positioning) 

The nuclear system can be based on small modular reactors (SMR) 

Nuclear-powered ships are also coming. Into the hands of commercial operators. The nuclear-powered ships are effective tools. Their operational range is virtually unlimited. And those ships can travel far away from  places. Like Somalian coast, where pirates cause very big troubles. These pirates pose a great threat. The nuclear-powered ships. Can use new types of reactors that use molten salt moderator. The new small-sized portable reactors can give energy to the large-sized ships. The nuclear-powered ships can have dual-purpose roles. The DP technology is an interesting tool that can be integrated with the lighter aboard ship (LASH). That makes it possible to drive smaller ships on board smoothly and effectively. 

Those dual-purpose  ships can offer. An electric supply to the coastal cities. And maybe. Those ships can also. Make it possible to advance the hydrogen-powered aircraft and other hydrogen technologies. The hydrogen-powered aircraft can operate without limits. If they can get hydrogen from somewhere. Nuclear power can be. An answer to that kind of problem. The ship that plays many roles is one of the things that can revolutionize marine technology. In the future. It is possible that the larger ships. The use of the LASH technology can carry smaller freighters on board. 

Above: The lighter aboard ship, LASH ship

The next-generation ship system. They can base the LASH-megaship. And smaller ships that they take on board. Those smaller ships carry the cargo to that megafreighter. 

“The lighter aboard ship (LASH) system refers to the practice of loading barges (lighters) aboard a bigger vessel for transport. It was developed in response to a need to transport lighters, a type of (usually but not always) unpowered barge, between inland waterways separated by open seas. Lighters are typically towed or pushed around harbors, canals, or rivers and cannot be relocated under their own power. The carrier ships are known variously as LASH carriers, barge carriers, kangaroo ships, or lighter transport ships.” (Wikipedia, Lighter aboard ship)

The system can use two-port technology. The LASH-ship takes a smaller ship inside it from the bow port. And the ship can leave from the LASH-transporter from the bottom of the ship. This allows for loading and reloading those smaller vessels without stopping the LASH freighter. The cargo travels onboard those smaller freighters. 

So the nuclear-powered vessel can carry other vessels in its dry pool. When the ship comes near the harbour, it can release those lighter vessels. That can transport. That cargo to the harbour, and then take other lighter vessels onboard. The idea is that the smaller vessels are loaded in the harbour, and then the larger LASH-ship can wait far from the harbour. The nuclear-powered ship must not even stop. It can release the smaller ships and take the other ships on board, even if it moves. That makes those systems more effective than other systems. If those large nuclear-powered ships wait far from the coastline. The harbours will not limit their size. Those smaller freighters can use hydrogen as fuel, and during the trip, the LASH megaship loads those ships’ tanks that it carries. 

https://www.marinelink.com/news/nuclearpowered-dp-vessels-technically-534840

https://www.offshore-energy.biz/nuclear-powered-vessels-are-achievable-norwegian-led-study-confirms/

https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-power-reactors/small-modular-reactors/small-modular-reactors

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_positioning

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_aboard_ship

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_modular_reactor

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_C8-class_ship

Hypersonic grapeshots and ASAT weapons.

Hypersonic grapeshots can cause large-scale destruction. In hypersonic grapeshot, the hypersonic missile or hypersonic glide vehicle (HGV) transports metal balls and delivers them. With a speed of Mach 6+. 

“A hypersonic glide vehicle (HGV) is a type of warhead for ballistic missiles that can maneuver and glide at hypersonic speed. It is used in conjunction with ballistic missiles to significantly change their trajectories after launch. Conventional ballistic missiles follow a predictable ballistic trajectory and are vulnerable to interception by the latest anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems. The in-flight maneuverability of HGVs makes them unpredictable, allowing them to effectively evade air defenses. As of 2022, hypersonic glide vehicles are the subject of an arms race” (Wikipedia, Hypersonic glide vehicle)

“In artillery, a grapeshot is a type of ammunition that consists of a collection of smaller-caliber round shots packed tightly in a canvas bag and separated from the gunpowder charge by a metal wadding, rather than being a single solid projectile. When assembled, the shot resembled a cluster of grapes, hence the name. Grapeshot was used both on land and at sea. On firing, the canvas wrapping disintegrates, and the contained balls scatter out from the muzzle, giving a ballistic effect similar to a giant shotgun. (Wikipedia, Grapeshot).

There is a possibility that the hypersonic glide system can transport metal balls over the area. That hypersonic grapeshot, or hypersonic cannister ammunition, can deliver those metals with speed. That is higher than Mach 6. Those metal balls can cause very dangerous damage. 

“The Soviet Union built the world's only operational anti-ballistic missile (ABM) system around Moscow in the 1970s. Beginning in 1980, they improved and expanded this system. Two of these improvements are shown in this 1983 illustration: the silo-based, nuclear-tipped (retired 53T6, ABM-3) GAZELLE interceptor missile and a new large radar intended to control ABM engagements.” (Wikipedia, A-135 anti-ballistic missile system). The missiles that the system uses are more modern A-135 (ABM-4 “Gorgon), which replaced those older missiles. 

There is a claim that Russia plans to create a new anti-satellite (ASAT) weapon. That weapon may have 30000-100000 steel balls that the carrier system transports to the orbital trajectory. The purpose of that system is to take out the Starlink satellite system. 

The fact is, that idea of that kind of weapon is not new. One of the reasons why Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) program was delayed was that the Soviets could launch iron balls at the orbiter. The idea of that kind of weapon is that the carrier rocket transports those steel balls that can be very small to orbit in the opposite direction to the SDI weapon. And then those bearing balls will destroy that expensive killer satellite. 

There is also an introduction. A space shotgun that can destroy other satellites. Those systems can be rocket engines. The metal balls are in position in or ahead of the combustion chamber, and then the jet from the engine pushes those metal balls against the satellite. Another fact is that the anti-satellite weapon can be. An ordinary claymore mine. That is mounted on the satellite. When the weapon orbits in the opposite way. To its target. It can give a very high impact speed to the projectiles that it launches. 

Those metal balls can be installed in any rocket. And the large-size rockets that normally transport satellites can also transport those metal balls to the high-orbiter or even to the stationar orbiter. The system can threaten things like communication satellites. The new hypersonic systems. They can give a very powerful strike capacity to the ASAT weapons. The hypersonic bus can transport those missiles to the targeted satellite trajectories, and then the system jumps up and releases its cargo.

The problem is that. The difference between ASAT and anti-ballistic missiles is very small. Those systems can transport their warheads. In long distances and high altitudes. The same missiles can be used against low-orbiting satellites. If those missiles are equipped with nuclear warheads, they can be used against ground targets as well, and they can destroy aircraft, missiles, and satellites. 

https://apnews.com/article/russia-starlink-musk-ukraine-space-china-canada-c69c1fda5ffc93828712ab723e606a2c

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-135_anti-ballistic_missile_system

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/53T6

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grapeshot

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersonic_glide_vehicle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_Defense_Initiative

The AI requires orders. On how it selects the right data.

The main problem. With the AI. It is that. It doesn’t distinguish between old and new sources. This causes a negative effect on its trustworthiness. These kinds of things. They can be fatal. If the AI uses old sources that don’t match the newest information. And one of the solutions. For this problem. Is that. The AI should have orders to use only the secured and trusted databases. 

This means that the person who gives orders can give an order. The AI to use. things like governmental homepages. In cases where AI must generate texts that should resonate with the law. In that case, the official homepages involve trusted information about laws. Another way to solve that problem is the interactive AI. 

1) The system can use the date as the priority. 

2)The system can introduce a source list and its dates to the user, who can accept or deny some of those sources. 

3) The system can introduce how those sources differ from each other. And then. The user can read them and accept or deny their use. 

4) The user can limit the sources that the AI uses only to trusted homepages. 

5) The user can give orders to use data that a certain system collects. The user can. As an example, give the main priority for information. That. The JWST telescope is collected. 

The system communicates with the user. It can give a list of the sources that it found. The system can search the data when the source is downloaded to the network. Then it can search for differences from those pages. Then it can tell the user. What type of differences does it find? And if there are some differences, the system can introduce those differences. In an easier way. It can introduce the dates when those sources are published. 

And. The user can allow the use of sources. Or deny their use for the text generation process. This method is easier. But it's less effective. If we take focus from error-detection. The third way is to order the AI to use a certain type of source. The order can be. The system uses mainly data. That's what the JWST telescope collects. This means that the date when the newest tool entered service can be the limit that the AI uses. Those things should guarantee that the AI uses the latest and most trusted data. 

 

Quantum entanglement is the tool. That can revolutionize communication and weapon technology.

“With three atomic clouds whose spins (blue) are entangled with each other at a distance, the researchers can measure the spatial variation of an electromagnetic field. Credit: Enrique Sahagún, Scixel / University of Basel, Department of Physics” (ScitechDaily, Entangled Atoms Are Transforming How We Measure the World)

Quantum entanglement can revolutionize. How we see the world. In those systems, superpositioned and entangled particles can scan atoms. The superpositioned and entangled particle pair acts like a record player’s needle. If those particles are photons, that system can measure things like quarks and other subatomic particles. Quantum entanglement is the tool that can make ultra-secure communication possible. 

Making quantum entanglement between atoms is more complicated than making superposition and entanglement between two elementary particles. The moving. An electron around the hydrogen atom makes superposition between two hydrogen atoms difficult. The electrons and quarks must be precisely at the same points. 

And the more complicated the atoms. The problem is in the 3D structure. In superposition, every particle in the atom must be opposite to each other. And the quantum shadows must not disturb other particles. The atom groups. Or atom stacks can be put in superposition by using their quantum fields. If a collective quantum field surrounds an atom group, that field can be put into superposition with another identical field. The quantum fields are like two bottles. The transmitting side is above the receiving side, and the quantum channel that connects them. Is. Like a tube between them. 

That field forms the channel to the recessive field. And at that point. Quantum teleportation is almost possible. If atoms at the farthest point from the quantum channel are in a higher energy level than the nearest atoms, that energy pushes those atoms through that quantum channel. That push can be made by using a laser. The lower-energy particle cloud pulls those higher-energy particles through the channel. 

The fact is that. The atom cloud can move from. One point to another point. The system cannot stay in order. And that makes it impossible to teleport anything more complicated than atom clouds. 

But the fact is that. Quantum entanglement can transport a lot of energy. At one point. This system works like this. The system makes the quantum entanglement between two particles. The transmitting part of the superposition and entanglement is locked into the frame. Then the system transmits.

High-power energy impulse to that frame. These types of systems can revolutionize communication and weapon technology. The quantum entanglement makes it possible to aim the radiation. Into one direction. The system can take the carbon atom. And then put it in the middle of the benzene ring. 

The theoretical system includes two frames and carbon atoms. The system makes superposition and entanglement between those atoms. And then sends a high-energy impulse to the benzene ring that surrounds the transmitting carbon atom. Because energy or information travels in one direction in quantum entanglement, that is, a particle at the lower energy level. 

This makes it possible to send ultimate energy loads by using that kind of system. The energy load can travel through the tube. There, the system pumps energy into that beam. And presses it into thin form. Another way can be the system. Puts an atom in the targeted object in a superposition and entanglement. Then the system sends an energy impulse into that atom. Through the quantum entanglement. That thing can break even a diamond into pieces. 

https://scitechdaily.com/entangled-atoms-are-transforming-how-we-measure-the-world/

Photo-acoustic systems can revolutionize sonar technology.

“The RUS-PAT (rotational ultrasound tomography, RUST, combined with photoacoustic tomography, PAT) technique combines the benefits of ultrasound imaging for seeing tissue structure with those of photoacoustic tomography for revealing function of the vasculature. Credit: Yang Zhang” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Develop a New Way To See Inside the Human Body Using 3D Color Imaging)

Photo-acoustic systems can be useful for many purposes. From civil to military systems. The photoacoustic uses lasers or other forms of electromagnetic radiation to create acoustic waves. In those systems, the electromagnetic system. Stresses atoms or molecules, and then those things send acoustic waves around them. The photo-acoustic loudspeaker is basically a chamber. There are things like fullerene balls that hover in gas like air. When the laser system starts to send energy impulses to those fullerene bites. They send resonance to the gas around them.

The photo-acoustic phenomenon can be used in computer tomography. But. Those systems can also be used in the new types of sonar systems. The idea is that a laser beam is sent to water. That system causes a sound effect that travels in water. The observation system can observe how those pressure waves behave when they travel in water. The photo-acoustic system allows aircraft or even satellites scan large areas with new accuracy. 

The system can be used. A hydrogen-oxygen (water) laser that sends radiation that causes resonance in water. The water laser uses super-clean iced water in the laser element. The satellite or aircraft can send that radiation into water. And then high-accuracy lidar or quantum radar can see those reflections. The laser system and photo-acoustic devices can also form long-standing monotonic sound. That sound can be used in the military. And civil applications. 

The acoustic systems, or photo-acoustic systems. Make it possible. To give new types of treatments for things like infections or cancer. The system sends microparticles into harmful cells. Then, the chamber is filled. With similar particles. The system starts to stress those particles with lasers. And then that causes resonance in those particles in the cells. That resonance forms pressure waves in those cells. And that destroys their internal organs. These kinds of systems can be useful in military and medical purposes. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-develop-a-new-way-to-see-inside-the-human-body-using-3d-color-imaging/

The new brain implant is smaller than a grain of salt.

Scientists have demonstrated that long-term neural recording can be achieved with devices nearly invisible in size, challenging assumptions about how small functional brain interfaces can be. Using light rather than wires or batteries, the system operates stably inside living tissue for extended periods. Credit: Shutterstock” (ScitechDaily, Smaller Than a Grain of Salt: Engineers Create the World’s Tiniest Wireless Brain Implant)

The new brain-implant microchip is smaller than a grain of salt. This kind of intelligent system can be observed more effectively than old-fashioned systems. And maybe. Quite soon. We can see brain implants that can be injected into the blood. There is a possibility that some kind of genetically engineered amoeba or basil can transport those microchips into the right position in the human or animal nervous system. That kind of biorobot. It can be programmed by using artificial DNA. The system can use the abilities of the parasites, which travel to the brain. 

Then the artificial DNA orders the organism to terminate itself. And then the microchip is  released in the brain. There is also a possibility. Those microchips are shot into the person’s body like nano-bullets. And then they will travel to strategic points in the nervous system. This kind of system. Called “intelligent dust”. is interesting. It can operate as a cloud. So those miniature microchips can be positioned. In different points of the brain. 

End of death as we know it. 

And. They can communicate with each other or with outside systems. Like cell phones. This system can make new types of brain-computer interfaces a reality. The system can communicate with electrode antennas or a metal-net looking structure. There, the microprocessors are at the crossing-point of that antenna structure. The system can communicate with a bionic prosthesis. Intelligent clothes. Or with the internet. In the wildest models, that kind of intelligent dust can copy every memory from our brains to the internet. 

That kind of system can end death as we know it. The person can turn undead in one way. The person can simply clone their body. And then transfer those memories from the databases to the brain. The intelligent dust can turn that thing into reality. This means we can say that using clones and the ability to transport information straight to the neurons makes it possible to create a person who lives theoretically forever. The clone of the body can be used to replace the old body. And then the body and the mind remain over generations. 

https://scitechdaily.com/smaller-than-a-grain-of-salt-engineers-create-the-worlds-tiniest-wireless-brain-implant/

Are there any weaknesses in quantum encryption?

"Quantum key distribution relies on fragile quantum signals, and even small misalignments between transmitter and receiver can significantly affect its performance. A recent study introduces a new analytical framework that reveals how different types of pointing error influence error rates and secure key generation. Credit: Shutterstock"  (ScitechDaily, Scientists Uncover Hidden Weakness in Quantum Encryption)

There are mistakes in every system that humans created. The quantum encryption process always starts  in binary computers. So the attacker can benefit from connections that interconnect quantum and binary states. The binary computer encodes data and transfers it to the quantum level, where it is stored in qubits. The information. That which is connected with qubits is connected in a physical particle. There is always a possibility that if there is space between the quantum channel and the qubit, somebody can benefit from that space. 

That allows attackers to put a particle between the qubit and the quantum channel. In the so-called “tangent attack”. That is the quantum version of the “Man in the Middle” attack; the attacker uses the information. The quantum system is used for adjusting qubits for superposition and entanglement. The attacker brings their own quantum system near the information channel. Then the attacker puts information. Travel through the attacking system. 

That makes it possible to transport information from the qubit to that particle. This thing should remove information from the qubit. But the programming determines. How does that system handle? This kind of situation? Typing errors, or errors in pointing, can cause a situation where the qubit is destroyed. In that case, the system must generate a new qubit. And make the information resending process. 

“Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a next-generation method for protecting digital communications by drawing on the fundamental behavior of quantum particles. Instead of relying on mathematical complexity alone, QKD allows two users to establish a shared secret key in a way that is inherently resistant to interception, even if the communication channel itself is not private.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Uncover Hidden Weakness in Quantum Encryption)

How effective is this system? That depends on the precise control of the information channels. If those information channels are not tight, the attacker can steal information from the qubits by putting particles between the qubit and the information channel’s shell. If the quantum channel is not tight enough, aiming information through with precise accuracy is not possible. 

“By combining statistical models of beam misalignment with quantum photon detection theory, researchers derived analytical expressions for key performance indicators of QKD systems, clarifying the exact role of pointing error in degrading secure key generation.” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Uncover Hidden Weakness in Quantum Encryption)

"The study’s findings explain the effects of pointing error on quantum key distribution performance metrics, offering insights for improving real-world systems. Credit: “Quantum bits” by Argonne National Laboratory" (ScitechDaily, Scientists Uncover Hidden Weakness in Quantum Encryption)

“The researchers focused on widely used BB84 QKD protocol and modelled pointing errors using Rayleigh and Hoyt distributions, which model horizontal and vertical beams better than simplified models used in earlier work. This leads to more accurate characterization of random pointing errors.”  (ScitechDaily,S cientists Uncover Hidden Weakness in Quantum Encryption)

That Reyleigh-Hoyt framework combination shows. The quantum information channel expansion. At a certain point. The Rayleigh distribution is connected to the Hoyt distribution. Or sector model. The Rayleigh distribution introduces a point of the information channel. And sector- or Hoyt distribution introduces the expansion of the information channel. 

“Using these statistical models, the researchers first derived analytical expressions for error and sift probabilities under pointing error, a first in the field. These were then used to compute the quantum bit error rate (QBER), which indicates the percentage of bits corrupted due to either system noise, environmental effects, and imperfections or attempted eavesdropping. QBER is therefore, a key performance metric. The researchers further used QBER to calculate the secret key rate (SKR) that measures the rate at which shared, secure keys can be generated. They analyzed the effects of pointing error caused due to both symmetric and asymmetric beam alignments.”(ScitechDaily,Scientists Uncover Hidden Weakness in Quantum Encryption)

“The results showed that an increased beam waist, and hence, increased pointing error, significantly degrades QKD performance, indicated by higher QBER and decreased SKR. Increasing receiver aperture size can improve performance, but only up to a certain level. Interestingly, asymmetric beam misalignment, where horizontal and vertical deviations are different, was found to be favorable for improving performance. The researchers also found that for achieving non-zero SKR, important for secure communication, increasing average photon numbers is required.”(ScitechDaily,Scientists Uncover Hidden Weakness in Quantum Encryption)

If somebody can affect the information channel. There is a possibility that the system resends the qubit to the attacker. Another possibility is that the attacker uses qubit synchronization information, which the system requires for superposition and quantum entanglement. In that case, those attackers can create their own qubits that they can use to steal information from the quantum system. This means that the attacker aims for a quantum entanglement through. The third-party system. We could call this thing the tangent attack. This requires that the attacker has their own quantum system, which can decode information from the quantum entanglement and then resend that information to the receiver. As I wrote before. 

https://phys.org/news/2026-01-errors-impact-quantum-key.html

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-uncover-hidden-weakness-in-quantum-encryption/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_key_distribution

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sector_model

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh_distribution

Solar power spacecrafts and moon stations.

The new solar-powered engine by NASA makes it possible to make a low-cost flight to the moon. The main problem. With moon missions and stable moon stations. It is the fuel. When a spacecraft rises from Earth and lands on the Earth. Most of the fuel is needed to get the spacecraft to the orbiter. The fuel. That is currently used in the first stage. That is, lift-off from the ground is hydrocarbons. 

Because they give more thrust than hydrogen-oxygen. When. We look at. The diagrams of the Apollo program flight profiles. The first two stages of the Saturn V are used in the atmosphere. And for transit to the Moon.  Required only the third stage. And return from the moon required only the Apollo capsule. So, most of the fuel is used in the atmosphere. 

The rocket engines that transfer cargo and crew between the Moon and Earth must have enough fuel to transit to the Moon and then land safely. Then the same craft must travel back to Earth. When a spacecraft lands on the Moon, it must use fuel for that purpose. And in the same way, traveling to Earth is theoretically Easy. But the problem. It is to land on the Earth. The space planes. Or airfield-operating shuttles can help to transit to the orbiter, but those systems must be enormous. That they are economical. 

But what if researchers just share the flight into two or three parts? The transit to the orbiter can be done. By using the space planes. Those space planes can use hydrogen-oxygen fuel. That thing doesn’t pollute. Then the cargo. It will transfer to the transit craft. That transits cargo straight to the Moon. Or it can leave it. To the Moon orbiter. 

There is a pickup system that can be a robot craft or a giant space tower. That catches the cargo. In that case, the system can benefit from things like repelling magnets that can slow the fall. That minimizes the need. To use the fuel. The space station requires all the oxygen that it has. Oxygen must be produced from the water that can be separated from the Moon, or it must be brought from the Earth. 

"NASA’s Gateway is coming to life with a solar-powered spacecraft built to light it up—and move it around the Moon. Credit: NASA" (ScitechDaily, NASA Powers Up a Massive Solar Engine for the Moon)

So, the answer can be. The solar-chemical rocket that transports people and cargo between the Earth orbiter and the moon. There are actually two types of solar-powered rockets. 

1) Solar chemical rockets. Those systems use solar power to expand propellant. The subtypes of those systems. Are systems. That focuses solar energy for expansion. Or combustion chamber. The system. It can use a parabolic mirror for that system. Or it can use laser- or microwave systems whose purpose is to boil the liquid gas. 

The system can also use water or any material that the energy system can boil. Or turn into a gas. This kind of system. It can use any gas because it replaces combustion by focusing solar energy into that propellant that expands and forms the thrust. 

2) Solar-powered ion-engines and more exotic systems. Solar power can be used in a system that gives energy to the ion engines. Those ion engines will create very low thrust. But more exotic engine systems can mean. antimatter engines. Those antimatter engines can use solar energy to power their particle accelerators. 

That accelerates electrons against a gold layer. That system transforms electrons into anti-electrons, or positrons. And then the system can use those positrons for the engine systems. The system can store anti-electrons in small electromagnetic bottles that keep those antimatter particles separated from the wall of the bottle. The antimatter. It can give an extremely high power energy impulse. 

There are also risks for the Moon station. 

The fact is that the energy level of antimatter annihilation is so high that 1g of antimatter can destroy the entire Earth. The fact is that. If somebody who has a lunar station wants to destroy Earth, that actor basically can use about 10 kg of rocket to send that antimatter capsule to Earth. This is one of the reasons why those moon stations are also very dangerous. 

https://scitechdaily.com/nasa-powers-up-a-massive-solar-engine-for-the-moon/

It’s possible that there is no effective defense against Avangard or other hypersonic systems.

The Russian Avangard missile can be more lethal than people predicted. The Avangard is a hypersonic warhead that flies far lower than traditional ballistic missiles. The thing that makes the Avangard so deadly is the plasma layer that forms around the warhead. When Avangard travels in the atmosphere, that system can be visible to IR systems. But those systems can be ineffective against that missile. There is possiblity that Avangard is invisible to radar. The problem with hypersonic missiles is that their flight profile differs from that of ballistic missiles. The regular early warning radars can be ineffective against hypersonic missiles that go straight through. 

The hypersonic warhead follows a wobbling trajectory. And. It can also have evasive mode, which allows it to change its course without warning. The problem with the kinetic energy interceptor ABM is that those weapons must strike precisely to incoming warheads. And that means those weapons can cause terrible damage if they hit early warning radars. A couple of days ago. The Russian military used Oreshenik missiles against the Ukrainian city of Lviv, (and/ or Dnipro?). Those missiles didn’t carry explosives. 

So their effect is based on the kinetic energy. And maybe. That strike. It was some kind of test; the Russians tested the accuracy of those missiles. And if those warheads were quite small. There is possiblity. Those missiles or their warheads are planned to be used against the radar stations. The quite small kinetic warheads can cause serious damage to the early-warning radars. So. There is a possibility that Russians plan to develop. The anti-radiation missile version of the hypersonic Avangard or Kalibr missile. That missile can act as a pathfinder for other missiles. 

This means that the early warning radars at Greenland can be ineffective against the Avangard and submarine-launched Kalibr (SS-N-27 Sizzer and SS-N-30) missiles. The hypersonic technology makes those missiles effective against ground and sea targets. But the hypersonic missile. It can travel thousands of kilometers and also hit airborne targets. If that missile finds them. And things like airborne command posts are targets. The long-range hypersonic missile can be effective against those targets, and hitting the airborne command posts kills the people. Who. Has the right to command fire. 

One of the things that we must realize as a threat is the new Russian missiles. The RS-24 Yars (SS-29), RS-26 Rubezh, and Oreshnik are using the same transporter. The Yars missile is developed from the Topol-M missile. The next-generation modifications, RS 26 Rubetzh and Oreshnik, are actually lighter versions of the Yars. And the question is, why does the Oreshnik missile have an empty final stage? Rubezh carries Avangard warheads. 

But when we think. About. Oreshnik, that violates the IRBM treaty. The question is this: Is that weapon developed for long-range airborne transportation duties? The Oreshnik can be a deadly weapon if it is deployed in Belarus. But there is a possibility that Russia plans to deploy those missiles to Cuba or somewhere in the Caribbean. The Russian forces used those missiles in Ukraine after the attack against Rutin’s residence. 

Those missiles can launch Avangard warheads to the most important military bases in the USA. Russia has believed. Have only a limited number of those missiles. The reason for that can be. In the Ukrainian war. That war eats. Up lots of resources from Russia. This means that components. Those missiles that entered service in the year 2024 are installed in other missiles. 

The thing is that the development. Most of the modern Russian missiles and other weapons started in the Soviet era. There is a possibility. The Kalibr missile had a role as a miniature shuttle or hypersonic, long-range atmospheric missile. This explains why the Topol-M (SS-27 Sickle B) missile has three stages. 

The third and possibly the second stage can be removed. And. They can be replaced with larger sizes. Air-breathing hypersonic cruise missile. Theoretically. There is a possibility. To replace. One or two of those stages can be replaced by Kalibr missiles. The idea is that the rocket drives the hypersonic missile to the edge of the atmosphere. And when that missile starts to dive, the ramjet engine starts. 

Once, there were rumors that Russia was testing the Kalibr-type hypersonic missile. That should be launched from different types of transporters. The conventional rocket. Like the Topol-M missile’s first and (maybe) second stage kick that system. To the short ballistic trajectory. Then that Kalibr missile ignites its engine. The system can be even more deadly than the Kalibr or Avangard. 

https://www.defensenews.com/land/2025/10/24/greenland-radars-vulnerable-to-hypersonic-missiles-critics-warn/

https://www.msn.com/en-ca/technology/general/breaking-oreshnik-irbm-missile-used-in-strike-on-ukraine-s-lviv-russia-says/ar-AA1TSa5r?ocid=BingNewsSerp

https://www.news18.com/world/belarus-releases-video-of-deployment-of-russian-nuclear-capable-oreshnik-missiles-on-its-territory-ws-l-9800938.html

https://www.twz.com/land/russias-claims-oreshnik-ballistic-missile-now-on-combat-duty-in-belarus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avangard_(hypersonic_glide_vehicle)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalibr_(missile_family)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oreshnik_(missile)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-24_Yars

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-26_Rubezh

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RT-2PM2_Topol-M

Can the cosmic web cause dark interactions in the universe?

On top of that text. Is the image. Of. The cosmic web. The cosmic web is the giant structure of colossal strings. The image shows that the cosmic web forms structures that seem like neurons. This causes the cosmic web, sometimes called “Cosmic neural structure”, which causes ideas of the intelligent universe.

The dark energy source can be in empty areas near the cosmic web. Maybe. They collect energy and then reflect it, causing energy asymmetry. Those. Lower-energy and less dense areas. Which seems darker, can act like vacuum bombs. They focus energy. And reflect it. 

The denser areas in the universe transmit energy waves more strongly than the less dense areas. But the thing is that. Energy always travels out from denser structures. 

And then that energy spreads faster. So a denser structure can. Only focus energy more effectively than the area outside it. The energy wave that travels in denser structures stays together, or keeps its form better, than energy waves that travel into less dense structures. 

If energy is released into a cosmic bubble, like the Boötes void, that energy jumps back from the middle of that void. This means that the cosmic voids act like vacuum bombs. They collect energy in the middle of the bubble and jump it out of it. This kind of cosmic bubble void can also exist outside the galactic superclusters. So. Those cosmic bubbles can exist in the extremely low-energy areas in the universe. They can collect energy. And then send it back. And that can be one of the reasons for dark energy. 

Dark energy and dark matter are things that cause grey hair for researchers. The question is: what puts energy into motion in the universe? The answer can be found in the cosmic web, also known as cosmic megastructures. That megastructure forms a denser particle-energy field formation than areas outside the megastructure. This means energy flows away from the megastructure. This causes the asymmetry in energy fields. 

The energy flows from the web to the environment around it, happening throughout the whole trip, but the strongest energy flow is released from the ends of those giant strings. If the “walls” of those. Giant structures. They are denser than their internal structures, so that energy also goes into the middle of those structures. That means those structures form the maser effect that turns their internal structures into a high energy level. The energy is interacting, and also things like particles outside that cosmic structure send wave movement, because they vaporize or turn into energy faster than particles in that structure. 

If the densest part of the structure is its shell, that means the strongest energy wave travels in that shell. The structure acts like a giant maser that transports energy into the shockwave, a pressure front that travels at the edge of the universe. If. The cosmic web is the structure that sends dark energy, which can explain why that energy affects only the largest structures. 

The cosmic web, or one of the veins. Or its massive strings send wave movement through the universe. The wave’s size is so colossal that it can move only another string. The system sends those waves through. Extremely thin. Matter and energy fields. So the mutual gravity in those strings doesn’t let galaxies and galaxy clusters travel away. So those energy impulses move those giant structures. As. An entirety. 

The dark matter can be dark because it. Because identical particles form that matter. Or. Maybe. Those particles are almost. Identical. And if those particles' energy level decreases all the time. When their distances grow from the energy center, they don’t violate even the Pauli exclusion principle. 

The idea is that the dark matter particles. Form a cloud of identical particles around the visible matter. Because. Those particles. Are identical. 

Only their energy level decreases when their distance from the visible particle decreases, which means energy travels without resistance out from the visible particle. If those dark matter particles are identical, that means they act as 2D materials do. But. That action is in the 3D space. 

The difference between the universe and the laboratory is that. The universe is far bigger, and energy is spread over such a large area, that it cannot form a detectable echo or reflection. Another thing is that. The system that is in the universe between those cosmic web strings has no edge. The energy travels between particles. That distance is over one meter. So, if those two particles, like protons or electrons, are over a meter, that is possible outside the galaxy superclusters. That causes a situation. That reflection of those particles spreads into such a large area. That. It becomes so weak. That. We cannot see it. 

This means the energy travels between particles, and only a small percentage of it impacts other particles. Because. The gravitational interaction is similar to that of dark matter and visible matter. 

That means. Dark matter is denser near those cosmic web strings. That causes an effect where energy travels out from those strings. It travels into space, which has a far lower energy level than. This low-energy matter is around the cosmic web. And that causes an effect where energy travels out from that area into the area where dark matter particles are over longer distances than they are near those cosmic web structures.

The reason we cannot see dark matter can be found. In. The system models. The system model can describe that visible matter, or visible particles, can be so bright that they can cover other particles with their shine. The idea is. The visible matter. It can be like a propeller. That aims energy, or wave movement, into the dark matter particles. Those dark matter particles can be smaller than electrons. This means that the visible matter sends energy into the harmonic system. That is a form of smaller particles. Those smaller particles can be homogeneous. 

Or close to the homogenous particle cloud. This means that the homogenous particle cloud can act like 2D matter. The cloud of quarks or some other particles can transport energy without resistance through space. This means that if energy travels through a homogeneous particle cloud, it can travel through it without causing an echo. The energy level outside that system is minimal, and that pulls energy only in one direction. 

That means the lower energy area. Simply. Pulls energy from the visible particle. That energy spreads through the system. The energy spreads into such large areas that it cannot cause reflection that we can see. Those systems have no edge, or the edge is so far that energy cannot form a standing wave at the edge of the system. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/gravitationally-bound-expanding-universe/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bo%C3%B6tes_Void

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_field_(classical)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhomogeneous_cosmology

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large-scale_structure_of_the_universe

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauli_exclusion_principle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Void_(astronomy)

Spacetime interacts. Around black holes, just like the theory of relativity describes.

"Astronomers have finally caught a spinning black hole in the act of twisting the fabric of spacetime itself. The discovery came from watching a distant star get torn apart, forming a glowing disk and powerful jets that began to wobble together in a steady rhythm. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Astronomers Watch Black Hole Twist Spacetime As Einstein Predicted Over 100 Years Ago)

For the first time in history, researchers saw how black holes twist spacetime. This means that black holes behave as Einstein predicted in his Theory of Relativity. That thing might be bigger than nobody expected. Einstein started to work. On the repairing tool that would fill the hole in Einstein’s Theory of Special Relativity. Theory of Relativity or E=mc^2. That theory notes the curvature of the universe near gravity centers. This means that the straight universe does not exist. Every gravity center forms a pothole around it. This is one thing. 

The E=mc^2 means

E=Energy

m=mass 

c=speed of light 

That explains why nothing can travel faster than a photon. When an object travels over the gravitational pothole.  Without depending on how strong that gravity is, it takes energy from that pothole. Or we can say that the surface area. There, the quantum field loads energy. Turns larger. When the object tries. To. Get out of that pothole. It will release energy. Or, it transfers energy to the quantum field. The reason why the object that travels across the universe loses its energy is this. The energy level in the universe decreases. When. A particle or object falls into a gravitational pothole. 

It gets energy. From the quantum field. Around it. Because the energy field around the particle turns weaker, the particle that falls into the gravitational pothole always loses more energy than it gets. When the speed of the particle rises, it travels over more energy potholes or gravity potholes. Those potholes. Pull energy out of the particle. This means that space and time, or spacetime, are always somehow curved. If an object wants to rise from the gravitational pothole, it must get as much energy as it can rise above the edge of the gravitational pothole. 

If. You want to make a particle that travels faster than the speed of light. Researchers must. Just create the spacetime. There is a lower scattering effect. This means that researchers must aim the rocket’s exhaust gas through the WARP bubble. In this case, the rocket’s exhaust gas can be ions, photons, or neutrinos. The system must only push electrons or neutrinos by using lasers. 

"An artist’s impression depicts the accretion disc surrounding a black hole, in which the inner region of the disc wobbles. In this context, the wobble refers to the orbit of material surrounding the black hole changing orientation around the central object. Credit: NASA" (ScitechDaily, Astronomers Watch Black Hole Twist Spacetime As Einstein Predicted Over 100 Years Ago)

The Theory of Relativity describes that the speed of light, or the cosmic speed limit, can be broken. Once in history. The particle. Called: the muon neutrino. Seems to travel faster than the speed of light. The reason for that was a cable error. But there is another, more interesting explanation. There could be a particle that releases energy as an impulse. 

That impulse forms the short-term warp bubble. There, the scattering quantum field is less dense. This bubble forms a less dense spacetime around the particle. This means that the photon can travel faster in that bubble than it travels outside that bubble. So, the speed of light is always an unbreakable cosmic speed limit. But the energy impulse that particle sends from space, where light can travel faster than outside this bubble. But could a muon neutrino make that kind of bubble? This is the question. That seems unable to be solved. 

The WARP bubble acts similarly. As. An air bubble. Behaves in the water. The speed of light in air is higher than the speed of light in water. So photons and other particles can travel faster than light travels in water if they are in an air bubble. In the same way. Particles. Can travel in a warp bubble faster than they could travel outside the WARP bubble. 

Simplest way. We can say that the WARP bubble is the particle's own spacetime bubble around the particle. This bubble removes the scattering effect. The scattering effect means. The universe is full of low-energy quantum fields. And particles. The particle or object can accelerate only when energy travels into it.  

“Artistic rendition of a ship with warp drive activated” (Wikipedia)

Those fields pull energy out from objects. And this means that when an object’s speed is accelerating. Energy transfer out from the object accelerates when it crosses more of those energy fields. Finally, the energy flow turns away from the object. When. Energy flow turns away from the object that separates the energy impulse from it. This causes. The turn of the energy flow. In the critical moment. And that denies crossing the cosmic speed limits. 

Acceleration is an interesting phenomenon. When. We look at curves. About. The accelerating rockets, the acceleration turns slower as the rocket’s speed rises. The reason for that. It is a feature of the rocket engine. The rocket cannot fly faster than its exhaust gases. When. The rocket’s acceleration starts. All particles in the exhaust gases are participating in the acceleration process. The speed of exhaust gas is called the intrinsic impulse. 

But. When rocket acceleration continues, fewer particles participate in the acceleration. In the final stage, only the fastest particles in exhaust gases participate in the acceleration. This is the reason why those exhaust gases will not increase. The speed of the rocket. Over the cosmic speed limit. There is no particle. Whose. Speed is higher than the speed of light. 

But there is one thing that can allow us to surround the rule of the cosmic speed limit, which is that nothing can fly faster than a photon. Researchers must only create a spacetime where the speed of light is higher than the speed of light outside that synthetic spacetime. In. That model. The engine. It can create a warp bubble. Using antimatter annihilation outside the engine. Then the engine can inject. The ion injection that is accelerated by using photons in that warp bubble. 

This allows those ions travel faster than they normally travel. Then those ions impact the warp-bubble wall. In. A small moment. The ion or electron can travel faster than it normally travels. Or even faster than light. The particle will send Cherenkov radiation during that moment. The system can give an extremely high intrinsic impulse. If the warp bubble touches the shell of the craft, the system can pump energy to the craft and increase its speed. 

https://scitechdaily.com/astronomers-watch-black-hole-twist-spacetime-as-einstein-predicted-over-100-years-ago/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcubierre_drive

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_light

 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tau_neutrino

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_drive

Why must we search for other extraterrestrial civilizations?

At the beginning of this text, I must say that not all alien life forms are probably intelligent. Most of the alien life forms that we can imagine or predict are bacteria. There is a possibility. That some bacteria or viruses can survive interstellar travel. That means their genetic material remains in a condition that it can transfer into the cells of Earth organisms. 

A virus is a protein package. There is genetic material. And that thing can survive in the freezing cold of interstellar travel. The gamma- or X-ray bursts can destroy that genetic material. But otherwise. The space between stars is very stable. It freezes genetic material almost forever. 

There are no certain observations about the alien civilizations. So, we have no confirmed observations about those still hypothetical aliens. But when do we detect them? We don’t know. But. That can happen tomorrow, or it can happen after 1000 years. 

But then, to the intelligent lifeforms. Why should we continue the Search For Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) program? Because there are billions of stars in our galaxy. And there are billions of galaxies in the universe. Somewhere there must be alien civilizations. And the SETI program ends in the day, when we see that civilization. 

Here I must say one thing. Even if SETI finds another civilization. That doesn’t mean that we make contact with that civilization. This is one of the things that people must realize. But. Confirming the existence of another civilization is very difficult. 

There are a couple of so-called breakthrough listen candidate signals. Those signals are. So-called Wow! and the Alpha Centauri signals. Those signals are unique, and we don’t know how long they lasted. We know only the part of those signals that the radio telescopes captured. And that is one of the things that we must realize. The thing is that those signals happened only once. Supporting the model that they were synthetic. 

If we think that the origin of those signals is in a natural source, that means they should repeat.  But. There is a possibility. that their origin was in the reactions as the Gamma-ray burst traveled through the plasma of some star’s flares. There is a possibility that a very rare natural effect causes those signals. But. As we know. The universe is a strange place. And. It's possible that the fast energy pulse travels through plasma fields. But as we know, we must only guess how long those signals lasted. And because there are no other similar signals, we must only guess whether they are synthetic or not. 

So, why have aliens not contacted us yet? The reason for that can be that they don’t detect us. Even if we send microwaves. And radio signals all around us, we must realize that. Those signals traveled for less than 200 years. 200 light-years is quite a short distance in the scale of the Universe. 

And when we look around us, and look at things like the closest stars, we can see that we are surrounded by young stars. Sirius is the brightest star in the northern sky. Sirius is a binary star system, and the brighter component of that system is only 230 million years old. Sirius B is a white dwarf. That was once a Sun-like star. Components of that star are formed in different places and at different times. And once in history, gravity locked those stars together. If Sirius B had some kind of planetary system, Sirius A would destroy it. 

Things like mature red dwarfs can also be more suitable harbours for life than we think. A red dwarf can exist as a star far longer than the Sun. If we think that the Sun will stay. As a yellow star for about 7-10 billion years. The red dwarf can exist as a star for about 11 trillion years. The young red dwarf has a hyperactive period. Just like other young stars. Then, after the hyperactive period, the red dwarf’s planets can turn into the harbours of life. That period starts later than in the Sun-type stars.  

But it takes longer. The fact is that most of the red dwarfs near our solar system are young. The age of Proxima Centauri is about the same as the Sun's. And Wolf 359 is about 0,1-1,9 Gyr( Gigayear(10^9, or Billions of years)). The third remarkable red dwarf, Barnard’s star, is about 10 Gyr. This can explain why there are no civilizations near us. The only star system that is the same age as our sun is the Alpha Centauri system. Those stars (Alpha Centauri A, B, and Proxima Centauri) are all about the same age as the Sun. 

Another thing is that. The alien civilization might not hear us. The universe is full of radio sources. But the thing is that. We don’t know what those aliens look like, how they communicate, or where they are. We don’t know anything about their culture. And we certainly hope that we detect them before they detect us. The third thing that we can hope for is that the alien civilization is not as destructive as we are. But. If we someday detect an intelligent civilization, we must carefully think. About our next step. We must realize that those aliens can be hostile. But when do we detect them? As I wrote many times. That can happen tomorrow or after 1000 years. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_Centauri

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnard%27s_Star

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BLC1

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxima_Centauri

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirius

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_359

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wow!_signal

A Saturn-sized rogue planet travels in space.

"A rare combination of Earth- and space-based observations has revealed the true mass and location of a rogue planet drifting through the galaxy. The Saturn-sized world likely formed around a star before being violently ejected into interstellar space. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, A Saturn-Sized Planet Is Drifting Through Space Alone)

Rogue planets are wandering around the universe. Those planets have no stars, and they can enter other solar systems. When a nova or supernova eruption occurs. The planet. That is, in a very distant orbit to its star. Can. Be flung into interstellar space. Those explosions are very violent, but the shockwave can push distant planets. 

To the journey that ends somehow. Another star can capture those planets, or they can fall into black holes. But when we think about our future. Those rogue planets cause an existing danger. If they travel to our solar system. The large rogue planet can pull even large objects out of their trajectory. So, maybe. Someday, some large rogue planet will force us to develop an antimatter bomb. That can destroy that planet before it destroys us. 

Velikovsky’s Venus and the lost planet Vulcan.

What if Velikovsky’s Venus was a rogue planet that fell into the Sun? And what if the mythic Vulcan planet was a planet that fell to the Sun because of some cosmic impact? This doesn’t mean that those things are connected to each other. But. They are interesting things to think about. The fact is that the planet can fall into the Sun because of its atmospheric friction. A large asteroid can be mistaken for a planet. 

But then. An interesting idea. Came to my mind. That thing is about a theorem. Which was written by Immanuel Velikovsky, who claimed that the things. That happened in the Old Testament, in the Holy Bible. Like. Splitting the Red Sea happened because. Some other planet traveled across our solar system. Velikovsky suspected that the planet was Venus, but Velikovsky was wrong. Today, Velikovsky is described as a pseudohistorian. But what if Velikovsky had written the word “Rogue planet” instead of the word “Venus”?

In the time of Velikovsky, there was no idea of rogue planets. This means that it's possible. If a rogue planet traveled across the solar system and fell into the Sun. That would not leave any mark on the solar system. 

Another interesting idea is connected to Vulcan, the mythic planet inside Mercury’s trajectory. What if that mythic planet simply fell to the sun? We know that Vulcan does not exist. But maybe in history. There were planets that were impacted. With an asteroid. And then that asteroid could push that planet toward the Sun. But as I wrote, planets can also fall to stars without dramatic events. Or it can vaporize. 

When the flare eruption hits the planet. That can turn a planet into vapor. Especially if it's in melted form. The Vulcan, if it existed, must be pure lava. The solar eruption can destroy this kind of planet very fast. It's possible that Vulcan simply evaporized when it moved close to the sun. 

https://scitechdaily.com/a-saturn-sized-planet-is-drifting-through-space-alone/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immanuel_Velikovsky 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcan_(hypothetical_planet)