New rocket engine designs can improve spaceflight.

“Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine (test photo and illustration)(Interesting engineering)

The rotating detonation rocket engine (RDE) could be the new thruster for space missions. These engines use a rotating combustion event to generate more thrust. That is why the RDE engines are under development. Those engines could serve regular space rockets. And maybe trans-atmospheric planes (TAV). Those are so-called rocket planes. The TAV vehicle can operate from regular runways. Travel in the atmosphere using regular jet engines. 

And when they must operate outside the atmosphere, those planes switch to rocket engines. These tools are required for next-generation orbital operations. The original TAV system concept uses air-breathing engines to reach trans-atmospheric orbit (TAO). There. The improved version can activate its rocket engines. 

Another remarkable tool. They are the so-called Hall-effect engines. Those engines use ion flow to give thrust. The problem with those engines is their weak thrust. But their specific impulse is very high. Hall-effect engines use recoil from ions. To move the craft forward. And the big problem is the thrust. Hall-effect thrusters require. A regular rocket. To lift off from the atmosphere. 

“Hydrosat (left) Starlight thruster fire testing (right)” (Interesting engineering)

“Hall thruster. Hall thrusters are largely axially symmetric. This is a cross-section containing that axis.” (Wikipedia, Hall-effect thruster)

“Nuclear-powered spacecraft (render)” (Interesting engineering) 

The new Hall-effect thruster, named Starlight, uses solid zinc as propellant. Those systems could also use mercury, iron, or any other ionized material as propellants. 

Maybe. It's possible. To create electromagnetic-chemical rocket engines. That also creates strong thrust. There is a possibility. To expand propellant in the combustion chamber using a laser or microwave system. The propellant will be conducted into the combustion or expansion chamber. And then lasers or microwaves expand that propellant, which can be hydrogen. 

There is also the possibility of creating an ion system. That ionizes air at the front of the wing. And then magnetic rails pull those ions from above the wing. This kind of system. It can decrease the aircraft's weight. The aircraft doesn’t need to move if it levitates. The system. It must just make gas. To flow over the top of the wing. That air, or ion flow, can also decrease the ground pressure. And if that flow is strong enough. That system can pull the aircraft into the air.  Ion systems can also act as plasma stealth. That makes aircraft invisible to radar. 

An ion cannon that launches an ion beam in the atmosphere can create an extremely strong flash. That gives those systems a stun effect. 

The interplanetary spacecraft requires nuclear reactors. Those systems create electric arcs for thrusters. That vaporizes propellant. The new Hall-effect thruster used solid zinc as propellant. That kind of thruster can open a path to the entire solar system. But the fact is that. The Hall-effect thrusters are easy to transform into space weapons. The system can shoot anions in the middle of the ion beams. Or the electron beam. The electron beam. That travels in the ion beam. Can keep those beams in their form. Those high-energy systems require nuclear reactors. 

https://interestingengineering.com/energy/nuclear-reactor-space-161m-award

https://interestingengineering.com/energy/nuclear-reactor-space-161m-award

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/zinc-hall-effect-thruster-fires-in-space

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall-effect_thruster

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transatmospheric_orbit

German startup launched a rocket from Norway.

German startup Isar Aerospace made history. It launched the Spectrum rocket into orbit from Norway. The launch was made from the Andøya spaceport. And it's the first orbital launch from the European continent. This is a remarkable step. 

The Spectrum rocket is Isar Aerospace’s two-stage launch vehicle, 28 m tall and 2 m in diameter, and has ten engines. It is meant to launch payloads of up to 1000 kg to low Earth orbit. The Spectrum rocket carried five CubeSats and one scientific experiment. That kind of system is ideal for high-atmosphere research. And. Launching low-orbiting reconnaissance satellites.  If Europe wants space independence. It also needs ASAT systems. That can protect and affect hostile satellites. 

These kinds of systems. They are quite similar to Russian/Ukrainian Tsyklon rockets. But Tsyklon is heavier. It can transport 4000 kg to low Earth orbit. The Spectrum type of rocket increases European space independence. Those light/medium systems can launch European reconnaissance satellites. The biggest problem is that Europe needs space independence. European northern areas are excellent places. To launch satellites into polar trajectories. This is why Elon Musk wants Greenland.  Another possibility is to launch rockets from ships. 

Light. Or medium boosters can be transported to the launch area by ships. And then the launch can be made from a ship.  During this process, the crew can wait on another ship. Until. The rocket leaves. The launch procedure can be performed. Using AI-controlled computers under remote control. 

The reason for that is safety. There is always a small possibility that the rocket explodes. Another thing is the noise. Rockets are noisier than aircraft. So the launching units must wait at a safe distance. Or the launching crew must stay in rooms with special sound isolation. The vacuum layer between outside and safe rooms can make launching safer. 

The Spectrum rocket. Before launch. 

One reason nations are interested in Northern areas is that it is easiest to send satellites into polar trajectories. High-resolution reconnaissance satellites use this trajectory. When a satellite reaches the polar cap, it changes its course. Then it can get the best possible coverage of Earth for its sensors. This is one of the reasons. That makes northern areas interesting. 

Another place with the same benefits for satellite launching is Antarctica. The problem is that Antarctica is very far away from Europe. And North America. Many spaceports are near the equator. There. Earth's rotation pushes rockets forward.  This is why almost all rockets travel in the same direction as the Earth’s rotation. Israel is an exception. It launches rockets in a different direction. There, they don't fly over Arab nations. The equatorial orbit is ideal for communication satellites. But reconnaissance satellites use polar trajectories to cover larger land areas. Military launches highly classified satellites. 

It sets its own limits for the trajectories.  Satellites travel over the sea as much as possible during the booster stage. If the booster fails, the satellite drops into the sea. And hostile countries will not get its components into their hands. A launch from Norway is a pathfinder for a new, more independent Europe. Media all around the world noticed that launch. Reuters. And Al Jazeera and many other news agencies gave it media space. 

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/9/6/german-company-launches-rocket-as-europe-enters-satellite-race

https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Transportation/Boost/Isar_Aerospace_achieves_first_launch_to_orbit_from_continental_Europe

https://isaraerospace.com/launch

https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/german-space-rocket-lifts-off-norway-base-2026-09-05/

https://www.space.com/space-exploration/launches-spacecraft/isar-aerospace-second-launch-norway-andoya-spaceport-spectrum-rocket

https://spacenews.com/isar-aerospace-reaches-orbit-on-second-spectrum-launch/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CubeSat

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum_(rocket)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsyklon

Russia's new cruise missiles use a TEMU engine.

Russia's new S8000 Banderol missile. It’s like a hobbyist package turned into a military role. That new, cheap cruise missile is being developed. To be used against soft targets like radars. Those missiles can cause problems. Because if they are used with other, more advanced missiles. They can be dangerous. Ukraine dropped one of them with a very old AA gun. That doesn’t mean that those missiles are harmless. They are cheap and probably easy to manufacture. Those hobby-kit missiles can also be transported to positions. There, they can make surprise attacks. Missiles that can be manufactured or assembled in the operational area are a big risk.  Those systems can be smuggled into the country—the origin of the parts. of that missile. It's also a depressing thing to read. That shows the real effect of the sanctions against Russia.

Their operators can. Put those parts into their position. And use those missiles even from their balcony. This is a new threat. Things. Like artificial intelligence and cheap image recognition tools make those systems deadlier than ever before. The hobby-kit missiles are tools. That took their position in the war. Low-cost missiles and drones are tools. That can cause problems for every system. They can attack large carriers’ radars and communication systems. In the same way, small cruise missiles can be deadly against aircraft. 

S8000 has another drone as its primary launch platform. And that missile. It can also be integrated with the Mi-28 Havoc. The standard kit uses inertial and satellite guidance systems. But there are dreams of using AI and optical target recognition systems to boost its accuracy. The suspected system uses the WEB camera. And an AI-based target recognition sensor. This makes. The system can find its targets with high accuracy. The system works like this. Inertial and satellite navigation guide the missile to the line of the target. When its camera sees the target. 

And recognizes it. That missile dives toward it. Those missiles can use things like an anti-radar kit. That system turns them into anti-radiation missiles. Those missiles can be used against radars, jammers, and communication tools. There is a possibility that, if those systems have the right codes. They can search for and locate individual GSM telephones on the streets. AI makes those systems dangerous. They can make evasion maneuvers. And they are easy to buy. So, in the wrong hands, those hobby-kit missiles can cause terrible damage. 

https://aeronaut.media/articles-en/en-russian-s8000-banderol-all-about/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S8000_Banderol

Faster than a bullet, cooler than stealth.

“Artist's illustration of a satellite operating in very low Earth orbit. Kreios Space is partnering with Kongsberg NanoAvionics to develop such a satellite mission. (Image credit: Kreios Space/Kongsberg NanoAvionics)(Space.com, Exploring 'very low Earth orbit': The world's 1st air-breathing satellite thruster could soon get a test run)

The satellite’s stealth version could look like Lockheed Martin's Tier III (RQ-3)“DarkStar”. So. Could there be a stealth version of this kind of VLEO satellite? 

New low-orbiting satellite uses air-breathing engines. Spanish company Kreios Space plans to make very low-orbiting satellites. And for the first time, this kind of satellite uses air-breathing electric propulsion (ABEP) to provide propulsion. The satellite itself orbits the Earth in a very low Earth orbit (VLEO). That trajectory is far lower than low Earth orbit. It’s actually in the highest atmosphere level. And that allows engineers to use the air-breathing engines. 

The ABEP engine. Pulls gas inside it. And then ionizes and heats it. And then that plasma will be driven back from the satellite. That is one way to make the electric engine. The ABEP engine can also act as a thruster. For aircraft that travel at very high altitudes. This engine can allow craft to operate in very thin air.

This engine will not need any oxygen. And that allows it to operate in Mars’s and Venus's atmosphere. This kind of thruster is the tool. That can make it possible to create aircraft. That can travel higher than ever before. This kind of system. It can be connected to hypersonic aircraft. That aircraft can accelerate in the atmosphere to very high speeds. And then that system can jump. Up to. 50-60 kilometers. There, the ABEP engine starts. The solar panel provides energy to that system. It can be installed in the aircraft’s wings and body. 

The new system could be a miniature space shuttle with a stealth body. That system can support reconnaissance, attack, and anti-hypersonic systems operations. 

The nuclear-powered version. It could revolutionize aviation technology. High-power electric thrusters can transport aircraft to the edge of space. The biggest problem with those systems is the electric source. 

Solar panels, nuclear reactors. Windmill turbogenerators and remote wireless electricity transfer could help to solve those problems. But the VLEO vehicles. Those tools can destroy hypersonic missiles. VLEO vehicles. They can shoot anti-hypersonic missiles or laser beams against hypersonic missiles. Those systems can also be effective tools for ASAT and anti-FOBS (Fractional Orbital Bombardment Systems) 

“RQ-3A DarkStar” (Wikipedia, Lockheed Martin RQ-3 DarkStar)

“Atmosphere-Breathing Electric Propulsion concept” (Wikipedia, Atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion) 

“Atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion, or air-breathing electric propulsion, shortly ABEP, is a propulsion technology for spacecraft, which could allow thrust generation in low orbits without the need for on-board propellant, by using residual gases in the atmosphere as propellant. Atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion could make a new class of long-lived, low-orbiting missions feasible.”(Wikipedia, Atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion) 

The defender must cause only a small amount of damage to the front nose of the hypersonic systems. That damage rips the vehicle into pieces. The hypersonic missile flies in the atmosphere. If. The weapon system shoots it into pieces. Those pieces fall to the ground. This means that if the system maximizes impact energy. Traveling in the opposite direction to the hypersonic missiles. 

The regular machine gun bullet. Can destroy the hypersonic missiles. The anti-missile system can travel in the opposite direction against the missile. And when it opens fire, the impact speed of those bullets is over Mach 10. That can destroy missiles. Or a satellite's shell. The gun system. It can look similar. To the WWII-era Schräge Musik. Upward-firing cannons. Used in night fighters. 

The laws of physics determine the speed of the bullet. It is. Speed of the vehicle + muzzle velocity. The impact speed is the speed of the incoming hypersonic missile. And the speed of the bullet. This system can be a small space shuttle. With. An aerodynamic stealth body. As I wrote before. 

https://www.space.com/space-exploration/satellites/exploring-very-low-earth-orbit-the-worlds-1st-air-breathing-satellite-thruster-could-soon-get-a-test-run

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmosphere-breathing_electric_propulsion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_Orbital_Bombardment_System

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_RQ-3_DarkStar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schr%C3%A4ge_Musik

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very_low_Earth_orbit

https://www.reddit.com/r/Boooks1234/s/etSzIBUWBw

Could Northrop Grumman MRV (Mission Robotic Vehicle) act as a killer satellite?

Above: The MRV (Mission Robotic Vehicle)

The MRV (Mission Robotic Vehicle) is a satellite with two robot hands. Its mission is to assist and repair satellites in orbit. And the big question is: could those arms be used as weapons against other satellites? The answer is yes. Any satellite itself is a weapon. Satellites can be driven to impact other satellites. 

Or they can have some killer vehicles. The reason for those killer satellites will be the tool. That makes it possible to destroy the vital elements of warfare. Satellites play a bigger and more important role. In modern warfare. Those systems, like GPS. They are playing a vital role in targeting and weapons control. Those navigation satellites. 

They play a vital role when drones fly to their targets. And aircraft and satellite-guided bombs. They need satellite navigation. 

Satellites provide an ultra-fast communication line between headquarters and field operatives. They provide vital intelligence data. And. That makes them an important target for the military. FOBS (Fractional Orbital Bombardment System) means satellites that carry nuclear weapons. Those orbital launch platforms. They can minimize the reaction time. Of the defense. Those satellites. They can launch nuclear bombs. Or they can dive to the target. And detonate their weapon. 

In original models. The FOBS uses low-earth orbit. But it's possible to launch those weapons. Into. High orbit. The high-orbit FOBS can be launched. Using high-power boosters like “Proton” rockets. Those weapons can lurk in orbit for even years.

 

Those nukes can wait years in orbit. But this kind of system. It requires a system. That returns it to Earth. It is not used. So the FOBS. It could be a miniature shuttle. That carries an internal nuclear weapon. These systems can be like space-era kamikaze drones. 

The FOBS-EMP system. It will not necessarily give any warning. About. The EMP strike. The EMP weapon travels over the targeted area. And then the nuclear weapon inside that system. It is detonated. That system blinds large areas.  That satellite must not release its shell for detonation. Like it does in the 007 movie “Goldeneye”. The satellite. It can have the golden layer. That maximizes gamma-ray production. And that boosts the EMP.

When antimatter particles hit the atmosphere. Forming a gamma ray. And that gamma ray forms the EMP pulse. The. Nuclear weapon. with a golden layer. It can also detonate in the air tank. There, those air molecules. They can create the EMP immediately. This kind of EMP satellite.  Can destroy most of the satellites. And. Other electronics on the ground. This means that killer satellites have one mission. It is to take out orbital nukes. That orbital nuke. It can play. 

Abandoned satellite. The satellite can act as a normal satellite. Then it can jump to a very high trajectory. Then it can begin its FOBS module. This sleeping satellite. It can wait for the wake-up signal. There. At high altitude. That satellite. It can detonate without warning. Or it can dive into the atmosphere and detonate itself. 

When we think about satellites with robotic arms. Those satellites can push other satellites off their trajectory. This new MRV satellite. It can also act as an intelligence satellite.  Its targets are other satellites. MRV satellite. It can use its abilities to make contact. And research other satellites. That are abandoned. Or in some other ways interesting. The satellite. That can fix another satellite's trajectory. It can also push that other satellite into the wrong trajectory. The system ti can also slow the speed of another satellite. Pulling it into the opposite direction. That causes a situation. 

That targeted satellite. It starts to fall to the ground. The Russians are also interested in this kind of two-armed satellite. Or satellites with manipulators. Those satellites can make attacks and disturb other satellites. They can affect other satellites' trajectories. That is vital for navigation satellites. Unlike. The use of killer vehicles like lasers and tungsten arrows. Those mechanical pushes. They can be kept secret. If killer satellites attack another satellite. Such incidents can give warning. About. The bad plans. 

https://www.twz.com/space/could-this-new-northrop-spacecraft-use-its-robotic-arms-to-attack-enemy-satellites

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_Orbital_Bombardment_System

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_(rocket_family)

New alloys and graphene. They can revolutionize thermal control.

The Sierra Space Corporation’s Dream Chaser. And Boeing’s X-37B are the pathfinders for next-generation space technology. They are also the response to Chinese Shenlong and larger Haolong space planes. 

The new materials can transform aviation forever. New graphene and metal alloys make it possible. For. Create structures that withstand mechanical stress and heat at new levels. The 3D-printed graphene filament is delivered over the surface. 

It can give 50% higher impact strength. 3D printer technology. It makes it easier to cover large areas by using graphene filament. 

For that structure. Those filaments can boost the development of new armours. And they can be used in all vehicles, from drones to satellites. The graphene filament can turn things like bullets highly penetrating. Those new materials can make hybrid structures. The graphene filament. That is on the alloy. It can be used in high-temperature technology. That technology opens a new path for nuclear systems and high-temperature structures. 

There are space planes like X-37B. But the problem with those systems is this. They are quite small. They use regular rockets for lift-off. And that means they are noisy. But the larger-sized space planes that the high-flying stratospheric drone takes to high altitude. They can solve those problems.  Stratospheric drone. It can use a regular turbojet. With. An internal oxygenizer. Those drones can carry the space plane to the edge of space. There it can be launched. But the larger systems. They have more capacity. The X-37B is a robot spacecraft. Because. Of its small size. The future Dream Chaser has two variants. Unmanned cargo. And a manned version. That spaceplane will be launched in late 2026. 

If. The Sierra Space Corporation's plans stand. And there are no technical problems. 

Those alloys are necessary. In R&D work. For creating new types of hypersonic vehicles that must face very high thermal loads. Those materials are also important for creating new space planes. That can operate from regular runways. Or even by using VTOL technology. The VTOL spaceplane. It could use the jet engines under its belly to rise from the ground. Or the system can use large quadcopters or high-flying drones for that work. Those drones raise the aircraft to the high atmosphere. And then it can release it. The jet engines will accelerate it to speed. That is about Mach 1. 

The Boeing X-37B. 

Shenlong below Harbin H-6. About 5 years ago (Internet)

“An illustration of China's robotic Shenlong space plane above Earth. (Image credit: Erik Simonsen/Getty Images)” (Space.com)

“© The Daily Galaxy --Great Discoveries Channel - 32 Feet Long, 26 Feet Wingspan, and Under 7 Tonnes: Meet Haolong, the Future Chinese Cargo Spacecraft” (The Daily Galaxy)

“A US-built 3D printing system designed to manufacture aerospace-grade parts wherever they are needed is getting a materials upgrade that could make printed components lighter and stronger.” (Interesting Engineering)

And then it can launch ramjets. Or the system. It can transfer to use rocket engines when turbojets raise it high enough. The system can also use the existing technology. Their regular aircraft raises that space plane to the high atmosphere. The system can carry it under the wing. Or on the back. Or the jet fighter. It can pull that rocket plane behind it. Then that jet fighter makes the ballistic jump. But the problem with the space planes is not their price. The problem is in their heat stress. The space shuttle used ceramic structures. That binds the thermal energy.

But the problem was that some of those ceramic bricks were single-use. This means that. The crew must remove and glue the new bricks to replace the used ones. The function of those bricks is based on that. When they evaporate, they transfer energy out from the space shuttle’s body. The accident of the Columbia Shuttle. It was caused by damage in one of those bricks. The heat drilled itself. Into. The body of the shuttle. And then a hole formed. And air pressure made the rest. Causing seven deaths. This is. One of the examples of why. Those space planes are so hard to make. When we think about causes like the X-15 and SR-71. Engineers used titanium in their bodies. But those planes required full-scale checks after the flight. 

One model. That can make rocket aircraft and spaceflight everyday work. It could be the active cooling system. The cooling system can involve a thermos bottle of low-temperature gas. The gas, or so-called Bose-Einstein condensate, will be released to the spaceplane’s shell. To cool the structures. The core of the spaceplane. It can be equipped with tubes. There, that very cold material can move. When the system sees that the temperature rises too high. 

Condensate. It will be released. When the craft is on the ground, engineers can change that thermos bottle. Or. They can fill that bottle with a new ultra-cold condensate dose. The ultra-cold condensate. It can fit in a quite small space. And it can be used for cooling the shell. And if the spaceplane does not travel back and forth between orbit and atmosphere. There is no need to store a lot of condensate. The ultra-cold condensate that cools the structure. It can also decrease the hypersonic missile IR signature. 

Those kinds of active cooling systems. They can make aircraft and missiles capable of traveling faster than ever before. 

https://dailygalaxy.com/2024/11/haolong-future-chinese-cargo-spacecraft/

https://interestingengineering.com/military/china-alloy-withstands-extreme-heat

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/us-built-3d-printer-graphene-filament

https://www.space.com/space-exploration/launches-spacecraft/chinas-mysterious-shenlong-space-plane-recently-launched-on-its-4th-mission-what-is-it-doing-up-there

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_X-37

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream_Chaser

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaceplane

The new 3D structure can be a breakthrough in thermal control and stealth technology.

The new 3D material can act as a thermal cloak. For high-thermal materials. Those materials can transfer heat into that new material. Then that thing can transfer thermal energy into structures. That transports it away. This thing can control temperatures in high-temperature materials, such as those used in hypersonic flight. The material can dump its energy into that new structure. So, it can open a path to higher speed. That new material can also act as a fire shield for the structures. And that makes it possible to create the systems. That can resist higher temperatures than before. But that material. It can be even more fundamental than researchers even thought.  

The energy cloak. It can transfer heat energy from laser beams and other directed energy weapons. 

Into the wanted direction. This makes it possible to use materials that absorb more thermal energy than other materials. The “absolute black” materials have one problem. They must dump their heat energy somewhere. The absolute black materials with minimum reflection could deny the use of laser pointers to point rockets at stealth structures. The absolute black material that absorbs all light has a problem. Without. An energy cloak. That material will melt. And a new 3D energy cloak. It can be an answer for that problem. 

In stealth technology, this material. It can be the new fundamental advance. When. We think about RAM (Radiation-Absorbent Material). Those highly advanced materials transform radio waves into thermal energy. And if that thermal energy. It can be sucked away. That system can make stealth technology more effective. The problem with RAM materials. It is this. Those materials. They will take heat from radio waves. Sooner or later, that can turn dangerous. If an aircraft travels near its material’s heat limit. 

The small boost in temperature. It can turn dangerous. The material can turn too weak. Or. It can start to turn the aircraft. Into. The object. That is an easy target for the IR-seeking missiles. Aircraft like the B-2 and B-24 Raider. Their form makes radio waves slide over the structure. Those aircraft have a structure that divides the radiation. The problem is that. Those structures are very vulnerable. If something hits them. And. Changes their shape. 

“U. of I. engineers introduce a 3D-printed, hybrid aluminum-and-rubber cloaking device that blocks an object’s thermal signature by guiding heat around it, rendering it invisible to infrared cameras. Credit: Shelly Zhang/MISSION LAB” (ScitechDaily, Scientists Build the First 3D Cloak That Makes Objects Invisible To Heat)

So, if a B-2 is detected. By an enemy fighter. That fighter. It can try to attack the B-2 by using cannons or laser-guided rockets. Those rockets. They can at least damage the stealth shell. By. Using a combination of the RAM materials and the shape of the plane. The plane will become more stealthy. There is a small vulnerability in the aircraft. It uses only the shape-based systems. The problem is the scattering effect. The radar satellite searches for stealth aircraft. It can see the scattering from above against the ground. The RAM material turns the aircraft into a shadow that travels over the ground. The radar can see the aircraft as a point. There is no reflection from the ground. But the scattering effect is more dangerous. 

Some non-stealth aircraft can find stealth aircraft. Using AI-controlled camera systems. That system uses IR, UV, and visible light. The Su-35 could find the B-2 and use laser-guided rockets and cannons to destroy its stealth structures. Another system. It could use an AI-based image recognition system. 

If. The enemy has an image of that aircraft. That kind of system. They can detect the target and shoot it down. The system could use similar algorithms. That are used in GSM image recognition.

That means the stealth bomber is invisible. Only. If its stealth structures are not damaged. The combination of the RAM materials and stealth shape. can decrease the ability to detect those aircraft. But as I wrote earlier. The new thermal cloak could protect aircraft and satellites against things like laser weapons. The energy cloak transfers the thermal energy from the structures. And that makes the stealth aircraft less vulnerable to laser beams. 

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-build-the-first-3d-cloak-that-makes-objects-invisible-to-heat/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation-absorbent_material